A\u011fr\u0131, zararl\u0131 bir uyaran\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu ho\u015f olmayan bir duygudur ve amac\u0131 temelde zarara kar\u015f\u0131 savunma ve korunmad\u0131r. A\u011fr\u0131, v\u00fccut seviyelerindeki farkl\u0131 sinirlerin, i\u00e7 veya d\u0131\u015f uyaranlara kar\u015f\u0131 alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir reaksiyondur ve buna ciddi doku ve psikolojik hasar\u0131n e\u015flik etti\u011fi emosyonel ve emosyonel bir deneyimdir ve bu kriterlere g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilir. Kronik a\u011fr\u0131, dokular\u0131n normal fonksiyonunu etkileyen ve on iki haftadan uzun s\u00fcren s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131, aral\u0131kl\u0131 veya s\u00fcrekli a\u011fr\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Akut a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n aksine, kronik a\u011fr\u0131 genellikle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde bir sebep olmadan hissedilir. Kronik a\u011fr\u0131 biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal fakt\u00f6rlerin birle\u015fiminden kaynaklan\u0131r ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman bunu y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc bir yakla\u015f\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kronik a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keni n\u00f6rojenik (sinir kaynakl\u0131), nosiseptif (doku hasar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan a\u011fr\u0131) veya psikolojik olabilir. \u0130ntervertebral disk a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, dejeneratif eklem hastal\u0131klar\u0131 veya bozukluklar\u0131 gibi yap\u0131sal nedenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 olan hastalar\u0131n tedavisi<\/p>\n
Romatoid artrit, sistemik lupus eritematozus, Crohn hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu a\u011fr\u0131 gibi iltihaplanma veya doku enfarkt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn neden oldu\u011fu a\u011fr\u0131 gibi di\u011fer a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 durumlar birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu makalede kanser d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kronik a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimine y\u00f6nelik bir yakla\u015f\u0131m ve farmakolojik olmayan ve farmas\u00f6tik tedavi y\u00f6ntemlerine genel bir bak\u0131\u015f tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kronik a\u011fr\u0131lar, farkl\u0131 fizyolojik mekanizmalar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu akut a\u011fr\u0131lardan farkl\u0131 olarak daha \u00e7ok genel fiziksel ve zihinsel bir sorundur ve bunlardan muzdarip olan hastalar i\u00e7in, hastan\u0131n hareketsizli\u011fi ve bunun sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sorunlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere say\u0131s\u0131z soruna neden olan bir dizi kronik a\u011fr\u0131d\u0131r. kas ve eklemler, hastan\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin zay\u0131flamas\u0131 ve di\u011fer hastal\u0131klara yatk\u0131n hale gelmesi, uyku sorunlar\u0131, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k ve hastan\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f beslenmesi, ila\u00e7lara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k, hastan\u0131n normalden fazla ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olmas\u0131, aile \u00fcyelerine ve bak\u0131c\u0131lara a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ve mant\u0131ks\u0131z kullan\u0131m t\u0131bbi hizmetlerden mahrum kalma, i\u015fyerinde uygun hizmet verememe veya engellilik, kronik a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 olan ki\u015finin toplumdan ve aileden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve i\u00e7e kapanma, a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n sebebine dair endi\u015fe ve korku, umutsuzluk duygular\u0131, depresyon ve intihar. Asl\u0131nda kronik a\u011fr\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir klinik sorundur.<\/p>\n
Kronik a\u011fr\u0131ya y\u00f6nelik genel yakla\u015f\u0131m ve uygun ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200btedavi stratejisi, a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n nedeninin ve kronik a\u011fr\u0131 sendromunun tipinin do\u011fru de\u011ferlendirilmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Kronik a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi genellikle zordur ve \u00e7o\u011fu durumda a\u011fr\u0131dan tamamen kurtulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Kronik a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 olan bir hastan\u0131n ilk tedavisi, hedefe y\u00f6nelik a\u011fr\u0131 tedavisini i\u00e7erir. \u00d6rne\u011fin sinir fonksiyonu bas\u0131 nedeniyle bozuluyorsa (\u00f6rne\u011fin karpal t\u00fcnel sendromu, trigeminal nevralji), altta yatan nedenin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda etkili olabilir. \u0130lk a\u015famada ila\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcdahalelerle d\u00fczelme olmazsa a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne ve klinik duruma ve Algoritma 1’e g\u00f6re tedaviye yan\u0131ta g\u00f6re ila\u00e7 tedavisi se\u00e7ilir. Son olarak \u00f6nceki tedavilere iyi yan\u0131t veren diren\u00e7li a\u011fr\u0131lar i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerle sinir blokaj\u0131 bir alternatif olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Tablo 2’de a\u011fr\u0131 tedavisinde kullan\u0131lan opioid olmayan ila\u00e7lar g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Resim 1 farkl\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131 y\u00f6netimi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerinin etkisini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Curabitur lectus lacus, rutrum sit amet placerat et, bibendum nec mauris. Duis…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5118,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5287","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-blog-en"],"acf":[],"featured_image_src":{"landsacpe":["https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cancer-pain-min.png",400,400,false],"list":["https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cancer-pain-min-400x348.png",400,348,true],"medium":["https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cancer-pain-min-300x300.png",300,300,true],"full":["https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cancer-pain-min.png",400,400,false]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5287"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5287\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dfpharmaco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}